By the standards of its technological contemporaries, dath ilan's military is one of the least impressive parts of their civilization. They possess few grand fortresses, can speak of no great glories won in battle, and do not march in grand ranks. Across the entire world, and even including those civilian positions necessary for keeping the machine flowing within their numbers, less than a tenth of a percent of dath ilani are employed by the military at any given time, and even those slated for combat roles have often rather anemic ordinances.
Much of the reason for that is from a lack of need, but that's not the entire story. Certainly dath ilani have all been under one government for longer than recorded history*, so its deployments and procurement need only consider responding to infrequent internal threats, but even those strictly limited and knowable threats could justify a larger force. It's not even a question of money, either; certainly civilization would prefer not to spend resources inefficiently, but the rates at which they will trade their enormous wealth for preserving lives - even stochiastically, for most would not consider it a critical distinction - would stagger belief. Instead the reasoning is rather more structural, in that dath ilan does not in fact want its government to have a monopoly on force. Certainly all else equal they would prefer the armed forces capable of dealing with emergencies, but not at the cost of enabling it to stay in power without the support of the population at large, and the role a hostile military could play there is obvious even to people who phone in their efforts when it comes time to practice overthrowing the government. And since a key part of keeping those counterfactuals strictly counterfactual is ensuring nobody is incentivized to try it, there are an enormous number of checks on the army to limit what it can do, and especially what it can do in a hurry on governmental orders based on fantastical information.
One of the key consequences of this is that it's not exactly trivial to bomb one of their own cities** even if they wanted to. They could manage it once, if everyone involved in the decision making were to have themselves imprisoned pending trial to accomplish it, but - even if everything were exactly as it bafflingly seems, the difference between handling this alien attack optimally or not is conservatively thousands of lives. (There's also some significant concern about whether it would even work out that way - spears and arrows are not a particularly terrifying armament, but an army best modeled by that capability wouldn't appear without warning from a space that absolutely could not fit them with no prior records of their existence).
*A significantly less impressive timespan than it might sound, though the planet has indeed been unified for a while.
**With one notable exception, but it's the thorough hope of everyone involved that that particular contingency will never be needed.