Making seals of pure chakra requires prodigious control - and high reserves. Most people have one of those, or neither, and almost never both. Inks provide a natural channel for chakra, that's distinct enough from the paper - inactive seals will actually have some chakra flowing in them, natural chakra's just not usually concentrated enough to overcome their activation threshold. Some types of ink are more chakra-sensitive, and work better. Plant- or animal-based is usually better than mineral-based, as a general rule.
Being good at making seals requires having a good memory, being good at math, and having the same sorts of skills involved in being good at languages and writing - good handwriting, good intuitive grasp of grammar, good grasp of visual representations of abstract concepts. Being good at activating them mostly requires chakra control, though that varies with the seal and how beginner-proof it is.
A basic storage seal for a solid item composed of a single molecule or element is probably the simplest, or at least it's the one they teach to children since it's very concrete. She can demonstrate it. Sealing away, for instance, soup so that it remains the same temperature, doesn't spoil, and doesn't develop an odd taste is a medium level of difficulty. The hardest seals in anything approaching common use are ones meant to bind living beings, and the hardest of those are meant to be long-lasting or even semi-permanent (Mariko won't demonstrate one of those). Theoretically a teleportation or time-manipulation seal is possible, but no one's managed one.
Seals can take anywhere from as quickly as you can arrange the equations in your head to days of careful work. Size, complexity, and the seal master's own skill are the main variables. How big an effect a seal is meant to obtain and how efficiently it's designed are the main determiners of size and complexity.