- optics
You hold a #spyglass# up to your eye and use to survey an enemy army. #Eyeglasses# sound like things that quite old people need in order to read. #Lens# is the name of a magic item slot and they're often made to look like eyeglasses, since active adventurers usually do not need prescription lenses yet.
- magnetism
#Lodestones# sound like a material component for some spell.
- static electricity
Esta does not personally know special names for different kinds of lightning damage?
- air pressure
Comes out as 'pressure from air', doesn't have a special name.
- cells (in the biology sense)
Esta personally doesn't seem to have heard of those, though you'd think microscopes would go with spyglasses and cells would go with microscopes.
- acid-base reactions
Esta thinks of acids as generic corrosive stuff, and would probably consider strong bases to be 'acids'.
- batteries
Why would there be a special name for energy storage that stores lightning energy specifically?
- thermometers
...temperature-measurers? It's hard to tell whether this is a standard phrase or just an obvious phrase. Esta does know about quantitative temperatures; he has a notion of a degree-something. Hard to see how you'd get those if no kind of thermometer had ever been invented ever.
- pendulum clocks
He knows what a pendulum is, though it doesn't sound intrinsically clocklike. Esta definitely knows what a clock is, that's standard caster equipment.
- supersaturated solutions
??
- exothermic or endothermic reactions
Esta has many different standard words and phrases for different kinds of fire. There's fire that behaves like a solid and fire that behaves like a liquid and fire that can burn enemies around corners and fire that only burns what's in its line-of-effect. There's fire that spreads and fire that doesn't spread. There's fire that behaves like it has a choice of preferred target and spreads only along that dimension, eg, X-eating fire where X is often 'flesh' but occasionally something like 'armor'. There's hot fire and cold fire and invisible fire. In an ultimate sense, if you're starting to wonder about definitions at this point, fire is that which is hindered by [fire resistance].
If there's alchemist rather than caster terminology around heat, though, Esta hasn't specialized in that.
- hot air balloons
Not particularly? Would it scale to hold up a city? Esta knows a word for a flying city.