The spirits floating around the jewel follow it to the center of the circles. They're both feeding on and putting out light, and at the moment there's a lot more to take in.
The light gets diverted into the innermost circle. It overwhelms the light elementals and binds them in, like against like. The glow spills over when Melian turns the dial higher, and the next circle accepts enough light that the first counts as weak compared to it. The entire setup couldn't handle literally infinite, but it's a quickly increasing exponential limited only by the number of diagrams.
One of the light elementals grows bigger and brighter. If it wasn't being drowned out by their even brighter surroundings, it would by now be visible even to non-practitioners. The animal spirits crowd in and get absorbed.
A glowing talon steps out of the circle. It's less blindingly bright, no longer painful to look at now that all the light is going to either empower the elemental or hold the whole thing together. The apparent fading reveals a toothed beak, two feathered wings, and an anatomically improbable set of hind legs. Its long bony tail is the last out.
The dragon turns to where Ungoliant is being pelted with ineffective distractions, and joins the fight.